Western Civilization Review for Rome exam

Macedonian professional army-advantages Included a wide range of specialists, strict dullness and elongation of large numbers of noncombatant servants 2. Battle of Charlene- ended Greek city state freedom once and for all. 3. Philip of Macedon- by his death he had installed his despotic rule throughout Greece 4. Alexander-was motivated by the desire for personal power and glory 5. Despotism-absolute power- of authority of rulers who represented themselves as at least semi-divine 6. Hellenic age government- the dominant form In lands conquered by Alexander except mainland Greece was despotism 7.Hellene economics- was generally prosperous owing to the growth of trade, the emergence of an International money economy, & rice of cities 8. Cynics- philosophical movement that advocated a natural and self sufficient life 9. Stoics- argued that all events are rigidly determined and that therefore no individual is in control of his or her destiny 10. Democratic- Greek thinker that founded mate rialistic atomics and epicureans basic beliefs 1 1 . Epicureans- taught that the state Is a mere convenience that absolute justice Is a fiction, and no wise man would take an active part In politics. 12.Skepticism-believed hat we cannot prove anything 13. Hellenic Religion- personal emotional religions, elaborate ritual & salvation 14. Matthias- a lieutenant of Agrarianism's omnipotent god Aura-Mazda 15. Mathis- appealed to the lower classes because it offered an elaborate ritual and promise of salvation 16. Populous- historian who argued that nations pass through predictable cycles of growth and decay 17. Utopias- descriptive accounts of Ideal states 18. Corinthian column- very ornate signature of Hellene. Arch. 19. Hellene sculpture- contained extreme naturalism, the desire to create something unique, and exaggerated postures 20.Almagest- heavenly bodies revolved around the earth, classic ancient astronomy 21 . Euclid- master of geometry 22. Elements of Geometry- by Euclid, until sass's was the accepted basic study of math 23. Horseshoes of Chalcedony- breakthroughs In medicine 24. Restaurants founder of physiology and separate science 25. Archimedes- physical, experimental science 26. Roman geography- easy to invade, militarism 27. Etruscan-skilled metal worked, trades, gods human form, respect for women 28. Senate- council of elders, veto power over royal 29. Consuls-lobbyist- senators acting for the royals 30.Roman religion-served to benefit and protect state 31 . Punic Wars-increased roman territory, expansion, legal changes good for wives 32. Karachi Brothers- for social economics- gob land for the landless 33. Julius Caesar- unused land for economic inequities, unite Rome/loyalty, saw significance of NW Europe 34. On The Nature of Things- Lucrative – roman poet, removed fear of supernatural, peace of mind 35. Cicero- Stoic philosopher program incentives for provinces, elimination of tax farming 38. Marcus Aurelia's- last roman Stoics, not helpfu l 39. Roman Literature- golden age, vigorous and uplifting, silver age less calm, lanced 40.Roman Arch- Participate period, symbolized power 41 . Crisis of Third Century- civil war, economic chaos, disease 42. Neo-Platonism- emanation, asceticism, mysticism 43. Romeos decline- political, economic, cultural failings led to collapse. Contributions: a. Architecture: monumental, symbol power grandeur, round arch, vault, dome, brick, stone, concrete, , pantheon & coliseum b. Sculpture reaches, columns, relief, altars, busts, statues. Individuality & naturalism. Vanity, aristocracy, portraiture busts- humanity. C. Roman Law: civil law: for roman city, law of the people, for all commonalities and natural law.Augustus. D. Romeos contribution to future – transmission of Greek civilization to W Europe 1 . Neolithic Period- change- hunting/ gathering to sedentary agriculture 2. Ice Age- species disappear from W Asia 3. Nutcracker Man-advanced ape walked erect 4. Villages- sedentary agri culture 5. Near East-first seed agriculture group 6. History/pre-history- written records 7. Warfare began with a surplus of material goods/food 8. Hyssop invade Egypt-foreigners attack/ lead to Egypt empire 9. Papyrus- leaf/ paper Egg freedom to write/literature 10. Manner- Unified the Egypt nation 1 1 .Egypt contributions- monotheism- writing systems, monumental arch 12. Senator's artistic revolution- naturalist cycle 13. Egypt women- owned property 14. Old kingdom, Egypt, changed economy, public-works Jobs during flood season for farmers 15. Nubian- notions of kingship & religion 16. Ethiopia- embraced Christianity as state religion 17. Summer- S Mesopotamia 18. Sarong the Great- Summer under Skidpan domination for 2 centuries 19. Sumerian economic/political decline- colonization 20. Gujarat- Sumerian temple terraced tower, shrine 21 . Hebrew contributions- history, literature, ethics, religion 22.Ancient Assyrian- hated nation, people revolt-destroy 23. Saul- Hebrew, monarchical gob, coronation of first king 24. Epic of Galoshes- secular philosophy of life, affirmed human experience/action on earth 25. Chanceries- mighty and seal his military victories, constructed Nineveh 26. Salmon's Temple-N tribes seceded from Hebrew state 27. Indus Valley Civilization- urban society/sops trade 28. Zoroastrian- one supreme god- Aura-Mazda 29. Trojan War- commercial/ between Aegean trading rivals/ cause piracy 30. Heimlich Schlemiels- showed Homer's Iliad fact 31 . Mycenae- geared toward warfare 32.Greek Philosophical control to W Civic- truth from Q 34. Greek Dark Ages Politics- held by kings & warriors 35. Spartan- political sys based on checks and balances 36. Peloponnesus War- destruction of city and state/ Athens 37. Greek medicine- disease has natural cause 38. Helots-slave farm laborers mostly Spartan 39. Calisthenics- 1st real democracy in Athens 40. Herodotus- Father of history 41 . Plato- higher spiritual realm, elitist state ruled by philosophers 42. Philip o f Macedon- despotic/dictator rule throughout Greece 43. Macedonian professional army- specialist, discipline, eliminated many servants 44.Alexander- motivated by desire, power, glory 45. Epicureans-Taught state convenience, absolute Justice fiction, no wise man/ politics 46. Solon- Paid political positions- wealth/birth 47. Hellenic sculpture- naturalism, unique, exaggerated postures 48. Wholesale of Chalcedony- breakthroughs medicine 49. Battle of Charlene- Greek city/state freedom 50. On The Nature of Things- Lucrative – roman poet, removed fear of supernatural, peace of mind 51 . Romans pass cultural contributions borrowed from the Greeks 52. Roman geography- easy to invade, militarism 53.Karachi Brothers- for social economics- gob land for the landless 54. Sprat's Lesson- cannot afford to ignore cultural pursuits while seeking military control 55. Ancient Roman Plebeians' victories- greater share in gob, admission to the assembly 56. Roman religion-served to benefit and p rotect state 57. Romans, Etruscan, Greeks, dominated Italian peninsula before sixth century 58. Punic Wars-increased roman territory, expansion, legal changes good for wives 59. Julius Caesar- unused land for economic inequities, unite Rome/loyalty, saw significance of NW Europe 60. Roman Arch- Participate period, symbolized power

English Language Learning Essay

FLASH BACK:- Of all the languages in the world today, English deserved to be regarded as a world language. It is the world’s most widely spoken language. It is the common means of communication between the people of different nations. English language learning has its own prospects. Teaching of English as a foreign language for many of our students and a second language for some in our country has not yet achieved the decided aim of free communication of thought. With the down of independence, some Indians demanded that English should quit India with the English. This demand for the abolition of English from this country was due to domination and exploitation of the British people of our country. Some other people argue that if the study of English be killed in India, the progress of this country will be seriously affected. Because of this controversy, the most important problem for us is to decide, what place should be assigned to English in free India. The teaching of English at schools and colleges should be more practical and language oriented in order to achieve the limited objectives of learning this important world language. The content and character of English language as well as the method of imparting have to undergo a change. It should be taught as a language of comprehension and communication. The basic knowledge of grammar and structure of language needs to be modified. A practical command of the non literary and non technical practical command of the non literary should be acquired at the school age. MY JUSTIFICATION:-It is my own observation from my teaching experiences after going through the problems of the students in English language Learning among the large numbers of students which can be sharply pointed  out that the most unfortunate aspect about the learning of English in the Secondary and Higher Secondary School is the lack of any clear cut and attainable aim of standard of achievement in English Language Learning. This problem can be classified into different categories—— (1) Lack of Clear Cut Objectives. (2) More Emphasis on the Mother Tongue. (3) Poor base or defective Teaching in Primary Level. (4) Improper Guardianship at Home. (5) Lack of Supportive English Speaking Environment. (6) Non Motivated and Non Interesting as well as Substandard textbooks. (7) Unsatisfactory Evaluation System. (8) Dearth of Competent Teachers. (9) Indifferent Administration. (10) No Individual Attention. (11) Not Using Proper Audio-Visual Aids. So to eradicate the problems of English language learning it must be taken some necessary steps which will prospect the English language. These remedial measures are the main tools of the prospective ideas in regard to the development of English language learning. The important measures are as follows——————— A. INTRODUCTION OF DIRECT METHOD :- The direct method of teaching English was oriented in France. It is a method by which we teach English directly. Direct method of teaching a foreign language through conversation, discussion and reading in the language itself without the use of pupil’s language, translation, the study of formal grammar. Therefore, this method is otherwise known as reformal method. Following are some advantages or merits of the Direct method†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ (1) It promote the ability of self thinking and self expression of English among the students. (2) It establishes a direct association between the word and its meaning. (3) It is the quickest way to understand, read, write and speak English clearly. (4) It lays more stress on oral work. B. USE OF STRUCTURAL METHOD :- In Structural Approach high priority is given to speech. The fundamental principle of structural approach is to develop the ability of speaking. In this method important is given to the child’s activity rather than the activity of the teacher. The teacher should make the students familiar with the given structures in three forms – spoken, printed and written. The main principle of structural Approach is drilling of new structures , words and phrases properly by which students will understand these properly. In this method direct meaning of the words should not be given to the students. The teacher should give the model sentences by using different words with proper meaning and clear idea. C. USE OF GRAMMAR TRANSLATION METHOD:- This method has much value if it is used judiciously. It is the easiest method by using translation. The teacher can easily make his students understand the meaning of the English Word. Its best advantage lies in the sphere of vocabulary getting. Through translation vagueness of meaning of the English word or phrase is avoided and word is associated with the native word. The child proceeds from the known to unknown English words with abstract ideas which are easily explained in the mother tongue. This method has been found in useful for a comparative study or understanding the difference of structures of sentences in English and the vernacular. D. USE OF AUDIO-VISUAL AIDS:- The main purpose of the use of Audio Visual Aids is to enable the teacher to make his lessons effective and interesting. Books and other printed  materials have been the basic tools of teaching and they are still of great importance. But audio visual aids make the situation more exciting, interesting and understandable for the students. They help to avoid excessive, empty and meaningless verbalization in teaching English. They provide direct sense experiences to pupils and help them to form clear and accurate concepts in English. E. SPECIFIC METHOD FOR TEACHING PROSE , POETRY:- While the teacher enters to the class to teach prose and poetry, his first attempt should be to motivate the students with his attractive ideas of thought. His introductory speech is always very important for the students motivation.Then teaching techniques must be applied; such as model reading by the teacher, reading loud by the pupils, exposition of difficult words, structure or line, silent reading by the pupils, comprehension test and lastly application test. CLOSING COMMENT:- In conclusion my suggestion is that English should not be compulsory rather it should be simple and utilitarian. When the student finishes school it is necessary that he should have gained during the six or seven years, a practical command over the language. It is possible only if we make the environment- situation friendly and future oriented. Teacher, pupil, guardian, society, authority†¦everyone must come forward and work together.

Favourite literary character Essay

My favourite literary character is Winston Smith. He is the main character in the novel 1984 by George Orwell. I consider him to be my favourite character for a few reasons. These reasons are that he is very strong willed, his fatalistic attitude, his inquisition towards many things, as well as his rebelliousness toward society. I will go into more detail in the following short essay. He is very strong willed, Winston never let’s any of the antagonists in the story intimidate him, even though they know what he is thinking. He shows numerous times throughout the story that he is strong willed, despite the fact that the thought police, The Party, and the mysterious Big Brother are constantly trying to psychologically intimidate him, he still keeps his sanity. He also shows this through the torture they force on him toward the end of the novel, he refuses to crack through everything, until the very end when the torture becomes unbearable. Another reason that I consider Winston to be my favourite character is his fatalistic attitude, he assumes the worst will happen and although at some points in the story he makes bad choices, he also makes some good ones. Due to the fact he believes that Big Brother will eventually capture him he constantly is running, and trying to evade them, although at sometimes he does fell like giving in. He goes to O’Brien and joins the anti-Big Brother rebellion. Winston is also very inquisitive; he uses his mind in order to rebel against the totalitarian society that tries to rule him. In almost every chapter he is researching something, or trying to find out something else. He works in the ministry of truth, and he is responsible for altering historical documents, often times he inquires as to what the actual fact is before altering it, as he wants to know. He doesn’t deem much of history to be plausible. For instance the leader of the Brotherhood against the party, Emanuel Goldstein is considered to be the most dangerous man in Oceania. Obviously Winston doesn’t deem this to be correct. The final reason why I consider Winston Smith to be my favourite character is  his rebelliousness toward society. Right near the beginning of the book Winston buys a diary, even though they are strictly prohibited, and not only that but he writes down with big brother in it, which is a huge crime at this time because they can find out what he is thinking and arrest him. He also does many other things that he should have rights to do such as having sexual encounters with a woman named Julia. Not only this but he is secretly indoctrinated to the Brotherhood, which is a secret rebellion against the Party and Big Brother, and constantly meets with O’Brien in order to plan and talk about the rebellion. It is for the above reasons that Winston Smith is my favourite literary character.

Research Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Research Methods - Essay Example To increase the effectiveness of research, it may be helpful to implement multiple research methods that are divided on qualitative and quantitative. However, each research method has its own positive and negative sides, some of which will be mentioned in the current paper. A bright example of pragmatic approach will be analyzed to show the role and effectiveness of specific research methods. Introduction Each science is based on the facts that can be received with the help of relevant and complete streams of information. All spheres of human life, including economical, political, technological, educational and social aspects, never stop progressing. However, to receive valid results and make germane conclusions, researchers require using specific research methods that can be characterized with a great abundance (McNeill & Chapman 2005). It is fair to state that each research approach has its pros and cons that is why for every research problem, the choice of the best methods should be made with special seriousness otherwise incorrect and irrelevant research techniques may bring the study to invalid and erroneous findings (Freeman, Robinson & Woodley 2004). Research philosophy In its widest meaning, the word â€Å"method† can be interpreted as a way to something and represents more an artificial than existed in nature the system of rules and operations (Kothari 2006). Basically, research methods are implemented to gather the full data base with the help of which a researcher is able to make appropriate conclusions and elaborate further recommendations on how to benefit from favorable consequences or eliminate the negative influence. According to Walliman (2011, p. 7), research methods are all â€Å"about advancing the frontiers of knowledge†. The usage of various research methods for one study increases the accuracy of the findings and helps to view the problem from the different aspects. Research approach The bright example of research combinatio n is the study of Luthans and Sommer, who based their results on both qualitative and quantitative methods. The article emphasizes how seriously the market conditions have been changed compared to previous periods of production relationships. Hence, the favorable results of each company’s performance are influenced by management’s policy aimed at the improvement of product characteristics, raise of product quality, decrease of total costs, increase of productivity and superiority over competitors (Luthans & Sommer 2005). It is important to persuade the target consumers that offered brand is better than the rest of analogues and it is considered that such scheme can be achieved only with the help of strong knowledge base of the company’s personnel, effective training programs, professional skills of senior managers and attractive motivational factors. The study provides extensive demonstration on how relevant management of human resources correlates with companyà ¢â‚¬â„¢s financial results. The main purpose of the mentioned research is to represent proofs regarding the significant impact of the efficacious system of human resource management on the favorable performance of an organization. The further objective of the study is

Explain the various theories of motivation Essay

Explain the various theories of motivation - Essay Example It is founded on the concept of human needs and their satisfaction. The needs include deficiency needs and growth needs for example esteem needs, self-actualization needs, security, affection and emotional needs. It was developed by Clayton Alderfer’s (Adair, 2009). It has some similarities with Maslow’s as well as some differences. For instance, in the Alderfer’s ERG Theory, the existence needs is the same as Maslow’s emotional and security needs, While Maslow’s love and self-appreciation needs are categorized into the relatedness needs. However, the Growth needs are the same as the self-actualization and self-confidence needs of Maslow’s theory. The difference between Maslow’s and ERG theory is that ERG puts emphasizes that several needs motivates a person at the same time. The other difference is that ERG includes both Satisfaction progression aspect, and frustration regression component. This theory was developed purposely to inspire the decision of superiors on employee incentive. The associates of this theory analyzed and interviewed workers to recall the times they were satisfied in the job and the time they were not satisfied and the reasons behind them. The reasons that the workers gave made the associate to conclude that the reasons for dissatisfaction is due to motivational

COPPER ORE CONCENTRATE SITE OPERATIONAL AND LOGISTICS RISK ASSESSMENT Assignment

COPPER ORE CONCENTRATE SITE OPERATIONAL AND LOGISTICS RISK ASSESSMENT - (DESK BASED REVIEW) - Assignment Example Security and Surveillance †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 3.1 Checklist for mine site†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..10 4. Fire Safety..................................................................................................................10 4.1 Risks from Forest Fire†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10 5. Environment Assessment and Monitoring†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.11 5.1 Road Risk -- Haul Roads†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦11 5.2 Checklist for Pathways and Roads†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 5.3 Staged Construction of Tailing Embankments†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..13 5.4 On- and Off-Site Concentrate Storage Facility †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.14 5.4.1 On-Site Concentrate Storage Facility†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..14 5.4.2 Off-Site Concentrate Storage Facility – Rail Loading Facility†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...........14 5.5 Guiding Principles and Parameters – Checklist of P recautions and Risk Mitigation.15 6. NAT CAT Exposure†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦17 6.1 Hazards Types†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦17 6.2 Water Management †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..18 6.3 Storm Water Control†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦20 6.4 Storm Water Retention Pond Cut or Overflow†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦20 6.5 Tailing Water Seepage and Runoff†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦21 6.6 Possible Environmental Effects †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦21 6.7 Mitigation Steps†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦22 6.8 Other Human Errors -- Train Derailment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..22 6.9 Product Spill at Port†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦22 6.10 Premature or Permanent Closure.............................................................................22 6.11 Residual Effects†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦23 7. Health and Community Health†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦23 7.1 Mitigation Steps†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..23 8. Conclusion...............................................................................................................24 TCM Copper Concentrate Storage & Load-Out Facility Risk Review - British Colombia 1. Introduction – General Information TCM (Thompson Creek Metal)  is a developing, diversified North American mining company. It is operating in the Mt. Milligan copper and gold mining facility, which is located in BERG, British Columbia. It is under construction and development phase. It is situated nearly 90 miles northwest of Prince George in central British Columbia, Canada. The 1st phase of the concentrator started on August 15, 2013. The very next month, in September 2013 it entered into the production of copper-gold concentrate, leading to the first

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Nepotism - Research Paper Example Nepotism may make someone hire a relative at the expense of someone who has work experience as well as stronger education base. However, sometimes the relative is the most qualified but it will still give the impression of nepotism. The ethics of nepotism in business go hand in hand with business structure. The business structure can indicate that the business is family owned. This shows that that its establishment was under sole proprietorship or partnership meaning that the owner owns and controls it. The owners can also combine with their family members who act as partners. In some case however, the partnership is not family owned. This way, nepotism is more questionable when one partner decides to employ his family members yet other partners have an ownership stake interest in the operation. Many businesses all over the world are family owned businesses. They play an important role in the economic development in their respective countries. Family businesses face one critical problem, which is the issue of nepotism. In developed countries, measures have been taken to curb nepotism whereas in developing countries, it is part of their daily lives (Sidani, Yusuf & Thornberry 69). In today’s business life, nepotism is evidently rampant. Workers in such family businesses compete with the favored personnel; it is hard to for them to be promoted because there are not awarded according to the abilities and knowledge. This environment therefore portrays unfair competition and it will have negative effects on nonfamily personnel. A critical sufficient study that analyzes such an environment is essential in order to understand the topic on family firms, job satisfaction, negative word of mouth, intention of quitting the job and their relationships with nepotism (Sidani, Yusu f & Thornberry 70). Qualification factors that employers should consider include knowledge, ability to success,

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Professionals in each the three areas of education, biomedical, and sensory integration interventions - Research Paper Example This is the current role of biomedical engineers as stipulated by many job markets. The performance of such professions can be improved through provision of a platform for research and innovation as well as provision of motivating factors such as proper remuneration and appropriate working environments. Lesson learned is that biomedical engineers apply a combination of knowledge from various disciplines. They basically guide intervention processes for children with substantial challenges in processing and interpreting information that may hinder their efforts to participate in daily life activities (http://atcnts.com/wp n.d). They act as therapists and perform duties ascribed to cognitive challenges. Their performance can be improved through research and innovation and improving their working conditions. This profession deals more with psycho-social challenges. Directors of Occupational Therapy in Sensory Integration Intervention. (n.d.). Directors of Occupational Therapy in Sensory Integration Intervention. Retrieved February 27, 2014, from

Advantages of queuing theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Advantages of queuing theory - Essay Example Reneging happens when a prospective client decides to leave and forgo that service he is queuing for mostly because the queue is too long. In this calculation the main principle is that the costs of waiting in queues are normally inversely proportional to the timely cost of service. Queuing theories are clearly known to be simple as they normally require less data and it is known to produce results that are generic. This is the advantage of using queuing theory over the use of simulation as models of queuing theory. The theory is widely used in service rendering sectors such health services area. Also in the same field of health care (Aaby et al. 575) describes the use of spreadsheets and spreadsheets software to implement the desired queuing network models of mass vaccination in the dispensing clinics. Another important example of software that forms part of such a system is found in an emergency department. (Broyles and Cochran, 615) say it is quite able to calculate the percentage number of patients who usually leave the emergency department without actually getting help. This can be done by assessing the arrival rate, utilization, service rate as well as the capacity of the health care. It is out of this percentage that they can be able to actually determine the revenue that has been lost from the patients who left without being served. Disadvantages of queuing method Since the queuing theory models are mostly based on what is referred to as the exponential distribution, they work through applying these traits of exponential distribution. The main problem that comes with this is that in that this exponential distribution normally has a coefficient with a variation of one. This fact has the effect of precluding the modelling of any other process that has a coefficient which is of variation significantly different from one. Therefore Because of the low likelihood that any of a random process will just be having a coefficient of variation that is just one, thi s queuing theory is considered to have the disadvantage of low applicability and practicality. While the number of assumptions for most of these applications of queueing models is normally few, they sometime tend to be quite irrational. This is clear especially when human queues are involved. From the theory, it is understood that human behaviour is uniform and can be determined. This is quite untrue because human character and behaviour vary from one human being to another. Thus from these assumption some critics have argued that the queuing theory cannot apply where human being are involved in the queue. The assumptions are not normally correct as human behaviour is not actually determinable. Where as one person shall behave in a certain manner, another person might act the actual opposite of what the other person did. For instance, one assumption can be that a person is likely not to enter a queue if he finds that there are too many people already ahead in the queue. In reality, this may not be true; otherwise, the situation would be that there would be no lines outside stores. Another point to discard the assumption there would no store opening on holidays for those maybe seeking to buy late gifts. The restrictive nature of the assumptions of the queuing theory is also another disadvantage that exposes the theory to criticism. The nature of the production lines is quite complex and cannot be fully explained by the simple models that are provided for by the queuing theory. Therefore in order to cure this there are specialized tools which have been developed in order to simulate, visualize, analyze, and finally

School Speech Essay Example for Free

School Speech Essay Good evening to Dr S. Pillay, the staff of Sunford Primary, members of the governing body, parents and learners. It is indeed an honourable privilege to be part of this momentous occurrence in the calendar of Sunford Primary. I thank Dr. S. Pillay and her team of dedicated staff for this prestigious opportunity. During the past decades Sunford Primary has proved itself to be an invaluable asset to the local community in the facet of early childhood education and development. Being a resident in the area and having had my son, Pranav attend this school has given me insight into the dedication of the exemplary principal and her staff who all excel in their teachings. A teacher is a leader within a scholastic component of education, thus creating a stimulating and secure atmosphere where a child can learn, be happy and gain confident. Parents also have a duty to work hand in hand with the educator and their child, to ensure the best possible education, upon which the child can build his/her career. Remember we as parents want education for our children by which character is formed, strength of mind is increased, their intellect is expanded and by which, they can stand on their own feet. Tonight’s awards function is set out to acknowledge all the top achievers of Sunford Primary in their respective grades. I congratulate each and every awardee for all your hard work and your exceptional results. May you always ride the tide of success. To all the other children remember what works for one child may not necessarily work for another, each child is unique and special. Education should be a fun voyage of discovery. Learning is an everyday thing; give it your best that is what’s important. To all learners Young adults and little children The future is up to you Increase your knowledge and wisdom In order to lead a bright tomorrow. To the Grade seven learners , who are embarking on secondary education, you have a solid foundation, embrace your future with optimism and raise above all challenges to fulfil your dreams and aspirations, although much has been achieved much more remains to be done. Take courage from the past and build thereon for the future. Remember it is choice and not chance that determines your destiny. God bless each and every one of you.

Asda Stores Ltd Is A British Supermarket Marketing Essay

Asda Stores Ltd Is A British Supermarket Marketing Essay In the year 1999 ASDA became a subsidiary of the American retail giant Wal-Mark the worlds largest retailer, and is now known to be the second largest chain in the UK. A survey done in December 2010 showed that 16.5% of UK grocery shoppers used ASDA for their main shopping needs, as they were attracted to ASDAs special offers. ASDAs marketing promotions have most of the time been on its price. They have been known as Britains lowest priced supermarket for the past thirteen years. Since ASDA is a fully owned part of Wal-Mart, it does not required to declare quarterly or half-yearly earnings, and submits full accounts to Companies House each October. Organizational Structure and Culture Organizational Structure ASDAs organizational structure is a hierarchical structure. This is because it has a lot of employees working in various departments of the company. Therefore there information has to pass through many people before it can reach the store manager. For an example, a co worker has to report to the supervisor, the supervisor has to report to the assistant manager/manager, the assistant manager/manager reports to the store manager. A hierarchical structure has many levels. Each level is controlled by one person. A hierarchical company tends to be a very big company just like ASDA. ASDA culture ASDAs culture is unique from other organizations in many ways. ASDA has a team of over one hundred and seventy thousand working across the business. All employees wear a name badge, and have daily huddles to keep up to date on their performance. They strictly follow three beliefs that are, service to our customers, respect for the individual, strive for excellence. ASDA believes that their customers are at the heart of everything they do and that their purpose is to make sure that all their goods and services to be as affordable as possible. They strongly believe that it is a culture to work as one team to support their stores, drawing on the strengths and experiences of individuals and sharing them with each other. When it comes to ASDAs attitude, they believe in commitment, where great ideas can be put into action. They like to find out ways to do things, rather than looking for reasons not to do them. ASDA believes in huddles, and uses it to keep everyone informed about the business performance. They use huddles to communicate their key activities for the day and help them remain focused and achieve the set goal for the day. Huddles also give them the opportunity to acknowledge and celebrate team and individual success. Every employee working at ASDA group Ltd wears a name badge. They believe that it makes it easier to be approached when wearing a name badge. ASDA holds The Big Bruch which is their quarterly huddle that is held at the ASDA House in Leeds. This gives the employees the opportunity to share important information in a fun and relaxed way. Normally the Big Bruch starts with a performance in the ASDA Houses atrium. Staffs working at ASDA are not pressurized to wear a jacket, as they believe that jackets are a barrier to be approached. ASDA believes in something called the ten foot rule, where if someone is within ten feet from an employee, it can be anyone, either another employee or a customer or a supplier, they should always say hello. They believe that it helps build an atmosphere of friendliness and respect, and after all it only takes a second. Business Model ASDAs business model is quite similar to any other big organizations business model, although the online business can be a little more complex. ASDAs e-commerce platforms support online shopping for both general merchandise (George clothing) and as well as groceries. The grocery business is operates out of one hundred and seventy five stores, and delivers to the local areas within each store, where they use nine-hundred delivery vehicles to cover up to 95% of all UK postcodes. The ASDA Direct business trades around seven hundred and fifty thousand stocked and stockless products in partnership with other third party and carrier specialists. Currently they do home deliveries, but have plans for the future, where the customer will also have the option to place the order online and pick it up from any ASDA store. They launched their first ASDA Direct catalogue in October 2010 and plan to use this to market the proposition ongoing. Global Visibility ASDA Stored Ltd is a huge scale business, but may not be as big as the new Super Stores, where you can find other additional facilities like launderettes etc. But ASDA is known to be a huge scale business as they provide services in many different sectors. While retailing in groceries and general merchandise, they also have a travel and insurance section, pharmacy section, opticians section and also their own mobile network provider. ASDA has two hundred and ninety three stores operating in the UK and has over one hundred and seventeen thousand employees. They also have many stores abroad in different countries but operate under different names, but sell the same products. Business Alliances Major business alliance of ASDA is George Davies partnership. All the clothing section of ASDA is Georges. The partnership was started in 65 stores in February 1989. ASDA became a part of wal-mart group in the year 1999. Business Process ASDAs business process is structured of four types: Customers Operating Model Colleagues Shareholders (i) Customers When it comes to their customers, ASDA believes in Treating the customers happily. Keeping the goods available to the customers at any time. Providing best quality of goods. Providing the products cheaply. (ii) Operational Model Maintain prices lower when compared to other competitors. Maintaining lower prices at any circumstances. (iii) Colleagues Providing good environment at the work place. Willing to work with others in a professional way. (iv) Shareholders Maintaining new formats Enriching return on investment Step 02 SWOT Analysis for ASDA I N T E R N A L Strengths Cost advantage Can afford to lower prices to attract new customers. Innovation Online growth Online shopping becoming a lot more popular and ASDA has a good secure website. Loyal customers Loyal customers coming back again and again purchasing from the business Strong brand equity Strong financial position Supply chain Pricing Affiliation to Wal-Mart Mini Cafes (Restaurants) Weaknesses Quality of food substandard Not having petrol stations(Tesco etc has) No Express stores (Tesco etc has) No stores abroad with same name E X T E R N A L Opportunities Product and services expansion Takeovers Diversity to Petrol stations Opening Express Stores Expansion abroad by opening stores abroad with same name Threats Competition Economic slowdown External changes (government, politics, taxes, etc) Exchange rate fluctuations Price wars Product substitution Porters Five Forces Model POTENTIAL ENTRANTS (Treat of Mobility) SUPPLIERS (Supplier Power) BUYERS (Buyer Power) SUBSTITUTES (Treat of Substitutes) INDUSTRY RIVALRY Industry Rivalry Current Competitors: Tesco, Sainsbury, Marks and Spenser Growing industry possibility of new competitors Customers have low switching costs Fixed cost are high resulting huge production and reduction in prices Exit barriers are high and rivals stay and compete Possible Solution for ASDA to avoid competitive rivalry between their competitors (Tesco etc): They should avoid price competition ASDA should differentiate their products By reducing industry over-capacity They should focus on different segments Also they should communicate with their competitors New Entrants Potential competitors with capital requirements to start a business is less Selling of same/similar products or services Customers can easily switch (low switching costs) Price competition Possible ways that ASDA may reduce the threat of new entrants By increasing sales efficiency Have alliances with other products and services Create a brand image (they do have it) By tying up with their suppliers By typing up with their distributers End users/buyers Buyers purchasing in bulk quantity No differentiation in products Buyers can easily switch to competitors product Price sensitive buyers Very low cost (would think twice) Possible ways for ASDA to reduce the bargaining power of their customers ASDA should increase their customer loyalty Use of customer relationship management By increasing incentives and value added services for their customers Suppliers Suppliers being strong and well organized Suppliers can demand when not many suppliers of that particular product is available Suppliers can demand when they supply an effective or unique product When the switching cost of supplier is high When the supplier has captured the market Possible ways for ASDA to reduce the bargaining power of their suppliers ADSA should create partnerships with their suppliers ASDA should use a supply chain management Providing supply chain training By increasing dependency of supplier on them By building knowledge of their supplier costs and methods By taking of a supplier Substitutes Customers can switch when there are many substitute products available in the market When customers find the same product or service for a cheaper price elsewhere Better quality products found at a competitor Competitor earning high profits can reduce price of the substitute product to the lowest level Possible ways for ASDA to reduce the threats of their substitutes By increasing switching costs Having customer surveys to learn customer preferences Emphasize on differences Alliances with other companies Step 03 Bringing competitive advantage through cloud computing What is cloud computing? Cloud computing is an online form of computing and is closely associated with Web 2.0. It enables users to access applications using a browser, while the application is installed and stored along with the data on a server. This helps companies to reduce their capital costs, by not having the need to purchase software and hardware. Cloud computing has become a whole new form of computing where it allows thousands of users from all parts of the world to access something without the need of having to download and install them on their computers. Advantages of cloud computing Reduced cost. It would help ASDA Stores Ltd to receive secure, managed hosting at a very low cost. Also they are able to access it from any computer and still have the file they require. This also makes it easier for the company as they do not have to reproduce the software and ship out to all its branches. By using cloud computing it would help ASDA to reduce it cost and only pays a rent to the server space required. When ASDAs requirements grow they do not have to purchase any additional hardware in order to upgrade their servers, which may also help them keep the cost down. Cloud computing automatically updates the servers for the owners. Therefore owners no longer have to hire specialists to update their servers. Cloud computing is mobile. It lets its users at ASDA connect with any device, which means they can do their work from any part of the world as far as they have access to the internet. This could save time and also information to be up to date. ASDA users can log onto the network without having to download anything. This saves them time and hard drive space. An important feature of cloud computing is that companies share recourses. This means that they are allowed access to the resources via cloud computing. This also helps ASDA save time and money by placing all their resources in one place which makes it easy for its employees to access. It benefits ASDA to keep their files safe on their servers and less likely to be lost or stolen on a hard drive. The server will have an offsite backup in case something goes wrong. Therefore ASDA does not have to worry about losing any information. Disadvantages of cloud computing Additional cost of data transfer fees Another disadvantage about cloud computing is that you do not have control over the remote servers, their software, or their security The companys data is with a third-party company It may be hard to transfer large amounts of data from the provider. Transforming competitive advantage with social media What is social media? Social media integrates the online technology and methods through which people can share content, give their personal opinions and swap different perspectives. Social media website can be made up of many ways. They may include: Text often used to share opinions or post on blogs Images to share images and photos Audio allows you to create podcasts which users may download Video you may record a video and share it with everyone Nowadays some of the most popular types of social media websites are of: Social networking such websites allow you to create a profile of yourself and chat, discuss and also share information with others. A few examples of popular social networking sites are FaceBook, MySpace, Bebo. Wikis they are websites that lets you create, edit and share information on a particular subject or topic. An example of wikis is Wikipedia. Video Sharing you may upload and share videos with the web community. An example of such website is YouTube. Photo Sharing Users may upload pictures and images from their account and can share them with other users around the world. An example of such website is Flickr. News aggregation Provides a list of the latest news that is published by users from a range of different websites. An example of a news aggregation website is Digg. Social Bookmarking users of such sites are allowed to publicly bookmark web pages that they may find valuable or interesting and share them with other users. Online gaming Lets users do play games online. An example of online gaming is World of Warcraft. Presence apps Such websites lets users to post micro blog-like posts and tell others what they are doing. An example of such website is Twitter. Advantages of Social Media It is said that Asda.com home shopping service serves 97% in the country. ASDA launched financial services such as providing personal loans, general insurance, life insurance and credit cards. Its aim is to take trouble out of financial planning and insurance and to offer cheap prices. ASDAs thinking about social media: Issues get alerted in a brilliant way. Informing things to head office and as well as store level. Strategy is enough for digital world, no need of digital strategy. Be prepared to face good or bad. Some future ways of ASDA Communication: ASDA may create blogs, in order to get feedback from customers etc. They may promote themselves through social networks such as facebook etc. They also may use multimedia or photography in order to advertise their company. And also could allow their customers to comment on their products. This way they may be able to see what their customers think about their products and services and may change it according to customer requirements. Can mobility bring competitive advantage? What is Mobility? Mobility solutions gives people the opportunity to access the companys information from anywhere in the world at anytime in a flawless and secure manner. By making information accessible from anywhere in the world, it can be guaranteed that employees would not have to wait for the data to reach them in other means when making an important decision. Another use of mobility applications is that it can be used to capture delayed or lost information. In the past mobility once used to refer to notebooks. Although notebooks have a positive side, they have several limitations to what they can do. They can be bulky to carry around, expensive, they require a data connection in order to connect to the internet and also most of the time have a low battery life. Nowadays most of us have replaced the use of notebooks with powerful, with a much longer battery life hand held devices such as PDAs and Smartphones. Users can connect to the internet from their cellular networks signal or may also have the option of connecting via Wi-Fi. In most companies Email is the most important application when it comes to mobility. Therefore in most companies the senior management have been equipped with Blackberry and other similar devices with push email technology, which helps easy access to their emails. Even the middle and junior level management can only benefit in mobility solutions in order to guarantee higher levels of productivity and efficiency. Mobility applications can consist of various functionalities such as Sales force autonation, customer relationship management, logistics tracking and planning, performance tracking, push alerts and much more. Using these types of applications can be as easy as typing SMS or as powerful as hi-tech applications running on Smartphones. Before a company can go ahead with the use of mobility solutions, it first needs to consider several restrictions. The company needs to first evaluate which of its business processes require the access to information (PCs). For an example the sales function where the staff requires the latest and accurate information, while having limited access to the companys IT network. After evaluating what business processes require access to information (PCs), the company then has to decide what form of applications they will consider. For some business processes of the company, plain SMS-based querying might be enough. This means the application may be installed on the existing mobile phone that most of the companys staff are having. But if the mobile phones do not have to complexity to hold such softwares, the company might have to provide complex machines such as PDAs or smartphones in order to be able to use such softwares. But for other business process in the company may need of much high tech equipment than a PDA or smartphone. But mobility can also sometimes have a negative side to it. Some employees would take a long time to get used to using such mobile devices, and some employees may not like using such devices, this may have a negative effect on the company. Since the devices are mobile, there are possibilities of thefts or losing the devices. And since it may contain valuable company information, it may be a huge concern to the company of losing such equipment. But to overcome such incidents and to protect their data, companies may install a password based access into the devices, and also have firewalls to avoid hacking. These are some possible ways of protecting the companys data. Step 04 Our business strategy for ASDA consists of three steps Analysis Integration Implementation (i) Anaysis In the analysis part, in order to develop a business strategy for ASDA, we are going to use the SWOT analysis we did in step 2. Using the SWOT analysis, it will help us gather, analyze and evaluate information and identify strategic options that ASDA is facing. We chose SWOT analysis to help develop a business strategy for ASDA because we believe that SWOT analysis is a very effective way of identifying the strengths and weaknesses, as well as examining the opportunities and treats that ASDA may face. Using the SWOT analysis framework, we have put in place what we believe are the Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of ASDA. Strengths and weaknesses are known to be internal while opportunities and threats are external. I N T E R N A L Strengths Cost advantage Can afford to lower prices to attract new customers. Innovation Online growth Online shopping becoming a lot more popular and ASDA has a good secure website. Loyal customers Loyal customers coming back again and again purchasing from the business Strong brand equity Strong financial position Supply chain Pricing Affiliation to Wal-Mart Mini Cafes (Restaurants) Weaknesses Quality of food substandard Not having petrol stations(Tesco etc has) No Express stores (Tesco etc has) No stores abroad with same name E X T E R N A L Opportunities Product and services expansion Takeovers Diversity to Petrol stations Opening Express Stores Expansion abroad by opening stores abroad with same name Threats Competition Economic slowdown External changes (government, politics, taxes, etc) Exchange rate fluctuations Price wars Product substitution (ii) Intergration Using this knowledge, we can now develop a plan of action by first matching the strengths and weaknesses with the opportunities in the external environment, and also oppose any possible threats that might create a danger to plans. A weakness seen in ASDA is that they do not have any petrol stations or any affiliated petrol stations. Their competitors like Tesco has their petrol stations and also other competitors have affiliated petrol stations where they can use discount coupons to get discounts on petrol. ASDA can use change this weakness into an opportunity. Since they are in a strong financial position, they can start their own petrol stations, or get together with a petrol station and sign a contract with them, where their customers can get discounts on petrol when they shop with ASDA. Another weakness ASDA faces is that they do not have any express stores like their competitor Tesco does. Taking into notice that they are in a strong financial position, having a good supply chain, low cost prices, and also being affiliated to wal-mart, they can use this weakness and change it into an opportunity by opening express stores. This could be a huge gain for ASDA. But by doing so, they should also take into consideration the threats they could face. Because when Tesco started their express stores they faced many issues with other shop owners and the government. Therefore ASDA first look into the external changes (government, politics, taxes etc). Although ASDA has stores abroad with other names with different spellings, that sell the exact same products. Most people would not know that it is a part of ASDA. When you look at ASDAs competitor Tesco, they have many stores in many other countries with the same company name. This helps them build up their company name and brand. Therefore if ASDA can also do the same and open stores abroad with its name they can build a better name recognition. And since they are affiliated to Wal-mart, and also currently having stores abroad with different spellings, they already have a good supply chain and structure active already. So it would be easy for ASDA to start its branches abroad with the same name. Since they already have stores abroad with different spellings which are active, the threats of starting business abroad are to a minimum. The possible threats they could have faced is the exchange rate fluctuations, price wars as other countries would have other local competitors etc. But since they already have stores operating abroad, it would be easier to start stores with their own ASDA name. Another possible opportunity that ASDA may consider is expansion of their products and services. Since they are an affiliation to wal-mart, which is considered to be the worlds largest retail company, this can be a positive thing for ASDA. And since they have much other strength like being in a strong financial position, affordable low cost prices, good supply chain, strong brand equity and loyal customers, it would be a good idea for them to expand the number of stores, and also introduce more services. For an example: a launderette. This would help the customers benefit more, as they can put their clothes to wash while they shop. By doing so, they would first have to look for any possible threats. For an example: Competition. They would have to first see if there is any other company specializing in this sort of business, who are offering low cost laundry services close to their stores and whether they would be any threat to ASDA. Another opportunity for ASDA could be takeovers. Since they are in a strong financial position, and a well reputable company, they should see if they can buy over any possible companies that they see could be a possible threat in the future. (iii ) Implementation After matching up the strengths and weaknesses with the opportunities while taking into consideration the possible threats that can affect the plan, we now move onto the implementation part. In this section, ASDA will have individual teams that will have respective roles in bringing the strategy to succeed, by applying specific tactics that is developed in order to support the strategy. So by appointing different teams to work on different subsections of the business strategy, this could help the implementation stage to be a success. Since ASDA is not sure how the results would turn out to be, it is not wise for ASDA to spend a lot of money and time at once into starting something new. Therefore, as a trial, they should first start it on a small scale, and according to its progress they should then decide whether it is going to benefit the company or not. In order to see the progress of the implementation of the new strategies, ASDA will include a measurement module. This is derived from the overall goals established to accomplish the business mission. The goals are broken down, by the new business and the time estimated to accomplish them. The business strategy will include a module to periodically evaluate the current progress against goals. Based according on how well the business strategy has led to goal achievement, the strategic analysis process is repeated to adjust the strategy as required. Theme we selected In order for ASDA to achieve their goals, we believe that social media will bring the most competitive advantage out of the three themes. This is because; ASDA is already a well established company and has a well balanced infrastructure with all the necessary technology and people to operate them. Although cloud computing and mobility also have their positive sides, for an example, in cloud computing, a company does not have keep buying new servers as their business grows, and do not have to spend a lot of money in updating the software and installing new servers etc, and with the use of mobility, according to the business process they can provide their staff with various mobile devices to carry out their tasks to cut down on time etc. But as said before ASDA is not a new company and has been in operation for many years. Therefore they have already invested in all the necessary technology and people they need. If ASDA was a new company it might have been a good option to consider either cloud computing or mobility as they would not have to spend a lot of money on servers etc and pay for only what they require. Since ASDA already has the necessary technology and people, they have to focus on ways to improve their business. This includes what options are there to improve their business, what their customers think about their current products and services, their competitors etc. So by using social media, they are able to achieve this. They are able to advertise their products in many different ways and also get good feedback from their customers, which will help them to know whether their customers are satisfied with their products and services and change it according to the customer requirements. Some ways they could use social media is by having blogs where customers can write on. This is a good way to know what their customers think about their products. This way issues get alerted in a brilliant way, and they are able to cater according to the customer needs. They also may promote themselves through social networking, which also is a good and effective way. These are some of the ways they can use social media to improve on their business. Then according to their customer feedback, they can start implementing the opportunities which they gathered in the SWOT analysis by converting the weaknesses into opportunities with the help of their strengths while taking into consideration the possible threats they may face. Then they could also move onto having a social network within the organization, where they can have a blog where employees within the company can share their thoughts and ideas on how to improve their products and services to satisfy customer requirements.